Figure 1From: Elastic strain energy density decomposition in failure of ductile materials under combined torsion-tensionConstitutive equations of an arbitrary material in the engineering space. (a)p = p(Θ). Strains are assumed elastic. Unloading is not required. The two branches for ± Θ are not necessarily symmetric. (b)σeq = σeq(εeq). Unloading is required. Unloading line is arbitrary.Back to article page