Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Engineering

Table 2 Friction factor, m, for Al, Al-2 wt.% Cu, Al-4 wt.% Cu, and Al-6 wt.% Cu preforms with initial relative densities of 80, 85 and 90 %

From: Prediction of ductile fracture initiation for powder metallurgical aluminum-copper preforms using FEM

Material	Friction factor, m
Material	IRD = 80 %	IRD = 85 %	IRD = 90 %
Al	0.72	0.53	0.34
Al-2 wt.% Cu	0.78	0.54	0.37
Al-4 wt.% Cu	0.80	0.55	0.39
Al-6 wt.% Cu	0.82	0.57	0.41

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